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- $Unique_ID{BRK03524}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Bernard-Soulier Syndrome}
- $Subject{Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Hereditary Giant Platelet Syndrome
- Autosomal Recessive Thromboasthenia-Thrombocytopenia Thrombopathic
- Thrombocytopenia}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1988, 1990 National Organization for Rare
- Disorders, Inc.
-
- 167:
- Bernard-Soulier Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Bernard-Soulier
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Hereditary Giant Platelet Syndrome
-
- DISORDER SUBDIVISIONS:
-
- Autosomal Recessive Thromboasthenia-Thrombocytopenia
- Thrombopathic Thrombocytopenia
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Bernard-Soulier Syndrome is a hereditary disorder of the platelets
- (thrombocytes) in the blood. It manifests itself by a tendency to bleed
- excessively and to bruise easily. Two forms exist, differing mainly in the
- mechanisms with which they are inherited.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Bernard-Soulier Syndrome is present from birth and persists throughout life.
- Affected individuals tend to bleed copiously from cuts and other injuries.
- Nosebleeds and unusually heavy menstrual flow are common. Patients are
- susceptible to purpura (purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin)
- due to subcutaneous bleeding either in small spots or larger areas. Bruises
- occur easily and disappear slowly.
-
- Laboratory investigations reveal that the platelets (elements of the
- blood important in clotting) are reduced in number, unusually large and
- abnormally shaped. These platelets have abnormal biochemical reactions and a
- shortened life span.
-
- The autosomal dominant form of Bernard-Soulier Syndrome which is also
- known as Thrombopathic Thrombocytopenia may be associated with abnormal
- proliferation of one of the classes of lymphoid cells involved in immune
- reactions (monoclonal gammopathy), hereditary kidney disease and deafness.
-
- Causes
-
- The two forms of Bernard-Soulier Syndrome are inherited by different
- mechanisms. The autosomal recessive form may involve a defect in the
- membrane surrounding the platelet. The autosomal recessive form of the
- syndrome is also known as thrombocytopenia.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one receives one
- normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for
- the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting the
- disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will
- be genetically normal.
-
- In dominant disorders, a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the normal gene
- and resulting in appearance of the disease. The risk of transmitting the
- disorder from affected parent to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy
- regardless of the sex of the resulting child.)
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Other disorders of platelet function include Thrombasthenia, May-Hegglin
- Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome, the Gray Platelet Syndrome, and various
- defects of collagen induced platelet aggregation. Platelet disorders are
- also associated with congenital conditions such as Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome,
- Down's Syndrome, Thrombocytopenia with Absent Radius Syndrome, and von
- Willebrand's Disease.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- The only known therapy for disorders such as Bernard-Soulier Syndrome is
- transfusion of normal blood (or of blood platelets) when episodes of bleeding
- are so prolonged that they pose a danger to the patient. Aspirin and related
- drugs commonly used to treat arthritis should be avoided as they inhibit
- platelet function. (Acetaminophen which is present in medications such as
- Tylenol should be used instead.)
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through May
- 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Bernard-Soulier Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. Pp. 1164.
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 18th ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Eds.: W. B. Saunders Co., 1988. Pp. 1055-7.
-
-